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Vine Germplasm: Scion

GIANFRANCO TEMPESTA

MONICA FIORILO

1. DEFINITION OF MATERIALS

The beauty of the changing colours in the vineyard is a metaphor for the change that has taken place in the last fifty years, fully perceivable in the autumnal season. In the old vineyards, we used to find deep reddish tones (black grape varieties) or yellow (white grape varieties); they looked like vineyards from paintings by the Tuscan Macchiaioli, and this was due also by the presence of another viral disease called Leafroll. Today, vineyards have become uniform in their autumnal garment, and even the black grape varieties have paler reddish tones, since, thanks to sanitary (clonal) selection, they have been “cleansed” of leafroll viruses.

The Decree of 8th February 2005 on the “Marketing regulations for vegetative propagation material for the grapevine” reports the definition for the different vine nursery materials for Italy. We can summarise them in:

 

- Initial-Material propagation: this is a limited number of plants, subject to continuous care and controls (both agronomic and sanitary) to maintain purity. This material kept in screenhouses or protected structures to avoid the presence of insects, carriers of viruses or other diseases that can damage or compromise their health. They have a white label with a diagonal purple line.

 

- Basic-Material propagation: generated directly from the Initial-Material, it also undergoes health controls to guarantee the absence of viral infections or other diseases that can compromise propagation and purity in the fields of mother plants. The latter are in isolated areas and are subject to official controls. They are the source of the material that arrives at the vine nurseryman, to create his Mother Plants, suitable for propagation and with a white label.

 

 

- Certified-Material propagation: this comes from the propagation of Basic-Material, subject to controls by the Plant Health Service in the area (regional, provincial). It is the source of material that, through grafting and cultivation in the nursery, allows nursery workers to produce grafted and non-grafted rootlings destined for vine growers; with a blue label.

 

 

- Standard- Material propagation: this comes from vineyards that are only visually controlled to guarantee health and varietal purity. It is generally material for varieties that, due to its limited diffusion, does not have available clones or comes from collections or selections of vine growers and private citizens who want to maintain a genetic identity in their vineyards. Identify by a dark yellow and brown label for propagation material from a category subject to less-stringent requirements.

 

 

 

 

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